Russell & colleagues’ 10-year epidemiological investigation into the medical records of Cirque du Soleil performers, published in Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach, identified a concussion incidence rate among Cirque artists numerically comparable to varsity and professional non-contact athletics, unique mechanisms of injury in circus that remain overlooked, and significant time loss before safe return to performance.

A recent retrospective review conducted by McPherson et al. revealed that recovery took more than seven times as long for individuals with concussions due to work or vehicle accidents compared to those with concussions due to sports.

In a longitudinal study published in JAMA Network Open, researchers discovered that over 18 years, 13% of older Americans suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI).

A press release from Penn Medicine News highlighted that individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) were at higher risk of developing an ischemic stroke later in life.

A study published by Andrea Schneider et al. in the American Heart Association journal Stroke highlights how a prior history of traumatic brain injury is strongly associated with long-term stroke risk among US military veterans. Based on previous research, TBI is highly prevalent among military veterans. Those with prior TBI are at an increased long-term risk for stroke.